Marco Polo’s Influence on Christopher Columbus Essay

Marco Polo’s Travels detailed in Europe of the fourteenth and fifteenth century another impression of the Eastern world, a world similarly as cutting edge and modern as that of the West. However, an additional two centuries were required for a huge change to occur; this was Christopher Columbus’ journey. For Christopher Columbus, Marco Polo’s travelog was an important and strong asset that contained the fundamental subtleties of the East. The geological portrayals in his composing produced a reason for Columbus’ logical figurings for his campaign and the express delineations of the advantage of Cipangu and Cathay, imperfect however they were, made a solid inspiration for Columbus. In the twelfth of May 1492, Christopher Columbus, joined by the works of Marco Polo, heads out to change history until the end of time. Marco Polo’s travelog was the main composed record to have illuminated the European world with subtleties of the Eastern world. In the year 1254, when Marco Polo was conceived in an honorable group of Venice, the open information on the East was near nothing. Since the time the long periods of Alexander the Great, Europe had scant data about its neighboring human progress. Albeit essential exchange courses were available along the Silk Road, â€Å"no one in the West appears to have had any thought of the nation from which it had come or those through which it had passed.† Islamic nations that encompassed Europe, alongside the Atlantic Ocean made a characteristic obstruction, disconnecting the Europeans from the remainder of the world. Indeed, even the fiery dealers of Venice, Genoa, and Constantinople couldn't enter past the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. â€Å"The religion and business of Islam were thriving all through that continent† after the primary Crusades. Because of this solid â€Å"Islamic curtain†, the Europeans were unconscious of the presence of the Mongol domain step by step ascending as one of the world superpowers until Marco Polo returned with interesting stories after his administration under the Great Khan. The seventeen years of administration under Kublai Khan securely and helpfully gave Marco a wide scope of encounters in the Asian mainland. The Polo siblings, Maffeo and Nicolo Polo (father and uncle of Marco Polo) had at first met with the Khan a few years before they took Marco on their second excursion to China. Let me let you know next of the individual appearance of the Great Lord of Lords whose name is Kubilai Khan. He is a man of good height, neither short nor tall yet of moderate stature. His appendages are all around fleshed out and displayed in due extent. His composition is reasonable and bronzed like a rose, the eyes dark and attractive, the nose shapely and set unequivocally set up. The Khan was a shrewd and daring man, and Marco being an ace four dialects and youthful and sound as he might have been, the Khan selected him to a high post in the organization. Marco was given a brilliant tablet looking like a tiger’s head, â€Å"which ground Ch’ang Ch’un a free pass and the privilege of help wherever in the Mongol Realm.† With adequate access, Marco had the option to visit different places in Asia and increased a bounteous measure of involvement in its way of life. He outlines the geology, atmosphere, individuals, and religions of the East top to bottom, in any event, referencing the formula of Mongolian dried milk. Marco Polo’s accomplishments were just finished after his arrival home, when experiences Rustichello of Pisa, a sentiment author who turned into his associate in placing his accounts into a book. Two years before the demise of Kublai Khan, the Polos were alloted their last strategic escort the Mongol princess Kokachin to wed the Persian ruler, and afterward to get back. Meticulously, they achieved their crucial showed up home in the winter of 1295. Marco starts another existence with the gems and gold gained in his excursion. At the point when a war among Venice and Genoa begins, Marco is caught and detained for a year in the Genoese jail. Here he meets Rustichello, to whom Marco recounts to the accounts of his extraordinary excursion. After his arrival home, Marco, despite the fact that Rustichello did a large portion of the work, distributes his travelog: Marco Polo Travels. Marco’s book stayed more for amusement purposes until the 1450s and 60s when Johann Gutenberg develops the letterpress and catalyzes its spread. From the outset, numerous individuals were doubtful about his book. His composing contained numerous notices of legends and fantasies that appeared to be very misrepresented. Neither did Marco incorporate any portrayals about the Great Wall. Notwithstanding theseâ controversies, his book got one of the main books to be enormously distributed through the Gutenberg’s letterpress. Voyages spreads out through Europe in the blink of an eye. When all of Europe is stunned by his book, Marco approaches his passing, leaving the final words: â€Å"I have just told the half of what I saw!† Whether or not Marco’s words were dependable was not an issue now. In the years following Marco’s passing, colossal changes happened in the brains of Europeans including the view of world topography, legitimately influencing Columbus’ arrangements. The TO delineate speaks to the medieval comprehension of the world. (Chart appended to the back) The circle O, speaks to the world and the parts of the T, the Don and the Nile. Asia fills the upper semi hover and in the left and right of the upstanding segment of the T, which speaks to the Mediterranean, lays Africa and Europe. In the middle is Jerusalem and at the top is Earthly Paradise of Adam and Eve, accepted at an opportunity to be the wellspring of extraordinary waterways, for example, the Tigris and the Euphrates. Pictures of Noah’s Ark, the Tower of Babel, and others of the good book can be found on the guide. As introduced, the TO outline the crude type of the world guide before the long periods of Marco Polo. The world guide quickly advanced beginning from the distributing of Marco’s book to the hour of Columbus. The effect of Marco Polo’s works is shown in these maps. Among the various forms of various maps, â€Å"the first maps known to us†¦ emphatically impacted by Marco’s Books which despite everything stay to †¦[is]†¦ the Catalan Atlas,† drawn up by the Majorcan Jew Abraham Cresques at around 1380. Here is presented just because, India, as a promontory and pictures and terrains of the Great Khan. The guide likewise remembers for it pictures of conventional legends of the territory. Incredible likeness can be found among them and those of Marco’s book. Portrayals of the world became greater and more extensive until at last, even the idea of a way westbound to Asia is raised. At the point when the effect of Marco Polo began to happen, a doctor of Florence by the name of Paolo Toscanelli, assumed the job of changing the thoughts of Marco Polo into the logical motivations for Christopher Columbus. Toscanelli was one of Marco Polo’s adherents, who upheld Marco Polo’s gauge of the length of Asia to be right. He contended that, as indicated by his figurings, â€Å"a journey of 3000miles from Lisbon to Cipangu and 500miles from Lisbon to Quinsay† was conceivable. With this estimation, he asked men that an undertaking for the pursuit of Japan, depicted as the â€Å"most ripe in gold,† ought to be sorted out. Among these men was the youthful and goal-oriented Christopher Columbus. The speculations of Toscanelli animated the scholarly enthusiasm of Columbus and soon Columbus was resolved to discover more. Columbus composed Toscanelli addressing him for increasingly thorough data. Toscanelli answered with a consolation of Columbus’ desires and a graph of estimations, which he conveyed with him on his journey. At this point, Columbus was resolved to place his musings energetically. Despite the fact that Columbus’ estimations were deliberately made, its greater part was incorrect. One of his significant computations was his misinterpretation of a degree. He thought the length of a degree was 562/3 Italian nautical miles. (â€Å"the Italian nautical mile utilized by Columbus contained 1480 meters† ) This was not his own thought, however of the overall population of his time. As per Henry Vignaud, he acquired his outcomes â€Å"because he knew ahead of time what he needed to find.† Based on his degree and different components including the computations of Toscanelli, Columbus’ end came out to be a long way from reality. It came out that Tokyo would be on the meridian that goes through Western Cuba, Chattanooga, Grand Rapids, and Western Ontario. At the end of the day, â€Å"he belittled the size of the world by 25 percent.† Yet, until his real takeoff, he did not understand at all of his mix-ups or of the American mainland. Marco Polo had furnished Columbus with critical data of the East, yet Columbus had not realized that there were such a significant number of more interesting points, for example, the presence of a different universe in the West. Fifteenth century Europe was a time of investigation and disclosure; enthusiasm of the Eastern world was expanding quickly ordinary. Exchange with the Indies, which alluded to the vast majority of Eastern Asia, thrived during the hour of Columbus, particularly in Portugal and Spain where gone through the majority of his time on earth. â€Å"The record of Polo’s heads out advised how to purchase flavors from the East,† andâ other products, for example, silk, gold, silver, or scents were likewise taken via convoys across Asia to Constantinople and afterward redistributed through Europe. In spite of the fact that the cost was expensive because of long and difficult procedure of postage, the interest for these stocks kept on ascending as the measure of extravagance and abundance of Europe additionally expanded. Consequently, it was soon clear for another and shorter course for the bringing in of these assets. Rehashed endeavors were made to get around Africa to India. Columbus, be that as it may, â€Å"deci

The Growth of Anti-Communist Belief In the 20th century Essay

The Growth of Anti-Communist Belief In the twentieth century - Essay Example The thoughts of socialism later became quickly spreading the political and social structures in nations everywhere throughout the eastern coalition and causing an extreme contention between the east and nations in the Western alliance that were for the most part industrialist. During the virus war, the emotions against anticommunism started spreading in the eastern nations in this way bringing about the breaking down of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The virus war made an empowering situation for the spread of promulgation about different nations and monetary systems. The virus war period went before the Second World War, a period where nations in the diverse monetary coalitions never shared any business exchange and they each lived in dread of the tasks of every alliance. Every locale in this manner expected that the other was logically getting more grounded and collecting military resources consequently increasing military force. This finished into dread which no coalitio n could break by opening war against the other. In any case, the dread and doubt that the East had against the economy of the West gradually started countering the impact of socialism in the East bringing about the nullification of the monetary system. The West drove by the United States of America and nations in Europe had the industrialist financial structure. Free enterprise empowered quick financial development since it allowed private undertakings in this way empowering the legislature to gather charges from the populace in this way increasing more income. The thoughts of free enterprise guaranteed quick financial development through private venture. The western nations along these lines looked monetarily more grounded than the Eastern alliance did since they had enough cash to buy any military cannons they would require. This was not normal for the circumstance in the Eastern coalition where the nations mutually possessed the economy and along these lines the military resource s. The system looked frail and undermined the development of the whole Asian mainland and their offshoots. The tricky occasions of the virus war consequently made an empowering domain for the spread of purposeful publicity and abhor messages among every locale. The East dynamically got dubious of the exercises of the western alliance, which had dynamic monetary movement. The dread and purposeful publicity prompted battling among the various locales in the eastern coalition bringing about the split inside the communist world. The West expected that the development of the socialist philosophies in the East would in the long run influence their economies since they focused on outside business sectors after the war. The virus war along these lines made an empowering domain for the spread of publicity which the west fittingly made and utilized their propelled media transmission systems to spread to east and other unbiased nations. The invasion of the promulgation brought about dread, whi ch constrained the communist nations to part their political philosophies an element throughout the entire existence of socialism that brought about the making of left wing anticommunism. The making of the left wing enemy of socialism went before the split of the socialist gatherings from the beforehand prevalent communist second universal to make three diverse political belief systems including the popularity based communist, the third worldwide and the social democrats2. Socialism had an expound political framework alluded to as the communist. The systems had

Your Quick Guide to Capitalization Rules

Your Quick Guide to Capitalization Rules Looking for an easy-to-use reference for capitalization rules in English? Look no further, weve got you covered. From whether to capitalize days of the week to how to handle government departments and moreâ€"here is your quick guide to capitalization rules and examples of the rules used in a sentence, phrase, or word.Capitalize the first word of a sentence.This sentence begins with a capital letter.Capitalize proper nouns and their adjective derivatives. Keep in mind that proper nouns are nouns that refer to a specific person, place, organization, or thing.Ill have Canadian whiskey on ice, please.Capitalize brand names.NikeHiltonCinnabonSonyCapitalize days of the week, months of the year, holidays and historical episodes/erasMondayJuneHalloweenAmerican Revolutionary Warthe Great DepressionCapitalize institutions, governmental entities and departments, organizations and religions.University of Marylandthe Electoral CollegeDepartment of Agriculturethe Clinton FoundationBuddhistCapitali ze races, nationalities, languages and tribes.CaucasianAmericanEnglishEskimosCapitalize titles when they are used before names unless a comma is used between the title and name. Do not capitalize the title if it is used instead of a name.The president will discuss the companys goals in coming months.President Trump addressed the nation on Monday.Chairman of the Board Michael Tucker will be speaking with us tonight.The chairman of the board, Michael Tucker, will be speaking with us tonight.When a formal title or kinship name is used as a direct address, capitalize it.Am I going to be okay, Doctor?Hey Mom, were going to a concert, do you want to join?Geographical regions should be capitalized, but not points on the compass.Shes from out Westâ€"you can tell from her accent.When you get to the end of the street, turn north.Do not capitalize the words city, town, and county if they come before a proper noun. If it is part of the proper noun, capitalize it.The city of Chicago.Millford Cou nty, West VirginiaThe county of MarionNew York CityMarin CountyThe first word in a complete quotation should be capitalized, even if it occurs midsentence. The only instance where the first word is not capitalized is if the quoted material is not a complete sentence and is only used to continue a sentence.The waiter only smiled and said, Youll have to sit at the bar if you want a seat.We did want a seat so decided the bar was better than nothing.Specific course titles should be capitalized but not academic subjects in general.Creative Writing 101He taught creative writing to undergraduates.Capitalize art, architectural, and literary movements.Surrealist painter Max Ernst is one of my favorite artists.The Colonial-style house sat on the northeast corner of the block.Lord Byron was one of the most well-known writers in British Romanticism.When capitalizing titles in heading case, capitalize all nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and pronouns. Do not capitalize an article (the, a, an), coordinating conjunctions (and, or, nor, but, yet, so, for), or prepositions (from, with) unless they are the first or last word of the sentence. However, note that there are discrepancies in rules relating to capitalizing prepositions in a title depending on the style guide used.A Tale of Two CitiesMen Are from Mars, Women Are from VenusHere Today and Gone Tomorrow

The Role Of International Monetary Fund And The World Bank...

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Renaissance The Last Supper And The Mona Lisa ...

The definition of Renaissance is rebirth. The Renaissance originated in Italy during the fourteenth through sixteenth centuries. This era brought back Roman and Green influence (Guisepi). Renaissance art benefited from having the support of wealthy families such as the Medici family and many more (â€Å"Renaissance†). Leonardo Da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael were some of the most famous artists during the Renaissance among others (â€Å"Famous People†). Even today, the artwork of these men are still very well-known such as â€Å"The Last Supper† and the â€Å"Mona Lisa† painted by Leonardo da Vinci. Two of the main themes of the Renaissance was worldly experience and individual expression (â€Å"Renaissance†). Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 5, 1452 and died at age sixty-seven in 1519. He was born in a farmhouse in Italy. Da Vinci started an art apprenticeship in Florence, Italy with an artist named Andrea del Verrocchio. 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The Forbidden Game The Hunter Chapter 15 Free Essays

string(26) " hold his hands up, free\." â€Å"Yes,† Jenny said. Audrey gasped. â€Å"Jenny-for God’s sake. We will write a custom essay sample on The Forbidden Game: The Hunter Chapter 15 or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Jenny didn’t look at her. Tom made some movement. Jenny didn’t look his way, either. â€Å"Jenny †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Dee whispered. â€Å"It’s not worth it. I know your promises-you keep them. You’ll be trapped. Don’t do it for us.† Jenny turned, then. She looked straight into the dark eyes with the slightly amber-tinted whites. â€Å"Dee†¦ I’m sorry. I know you don’t understand-and I can’t explain it to you. But please believe me, I’m staying because I want to. Audrey, can’t you understand?† Audrey slowly shook her copper head, highlights flaring. â€Å"I don’t have a lot of real friends,† she said. â€Å"I don’t want to lose you.† â€Å"You’re going to anyway,† Jenny said. â€Å"This way is just easier on everyone. And I want to stay. I swear I do.† Dee had been staring at Jenny hard. Now, abruptly, her ebony face went blank. Walled off. Utterly without expression. â€Å"That’s right,† she said. â€Å"You have to look out for number one.† She nodded at Jenny, face grim, eyes meeting Jenny’s directly. â€Å"Go ahead, Sunshine. Good luck.† Jenny nodded back. If it hadn’t been manifestly impossible, she would have said the glitter in Dee’s eyes was tears. She turned back to Julian, who took the ring from her. â€Å"A short ceremony,† he said again. â€Å"Give me your hand.† A stained-glass lampshade threw blue and purple light over him. Jenny gave him her hand, felt that his was as cool as hers. â€Å"Oh, don’t,† Audrey said, as if involuntarily. Jenny didn’t move. â€Å"Seventeenth-century poesy ring, used to be given as tokens between lovers,† Julian explained, holding up the gold circlet. â€Å"With the inscription on the inside. It means you refuse all the world except the one who gives it to you. The words touch your skin and bind you with their power.† Jenny smiled at him. Tom stood slowly, his chains scraping up the sides of the clock with a sound like ball bearings rolling on wood. Julian ignored everything but Jenny. â€Å"Now you repeat after me. But remember-the promise is irrevocable.† With a slight, grave formality, he said, as if quoting: â€Å"This ring, the symbol of my oath, Will hold me to the words I speak: All I refuse and thee I choose.† Jenny repeated the words and felt the cool band slide onto her finger. Then she looked at it. It shone with a rich, warm light, as if it had always been there. â€Å"Now if we seal the bargain with a kiss, it becomes irrevocable,† Julian said again, looking down at her. As if giving her a last chance to back out. The circlet burned on Jenny’s finger like cold fire. Jenny turned her face up. She didn’t have to go far on tiptoe to kiss him. It was a soft kiss, but not a quick one. Julian was the one who lifted his head from it. â€Å"Sworn mine,† he whispered. â€Å"Now and forever.† The violence came from an unexpected quarter. â€Å"No,† said Zachary, surging forward as if he was going to attack Julian. Julian didn’t even bother to look at him. Zach slammed into an invisible wall and fell back into Dee. Jenny did turn, to look at all of them. Audrey and Zach and Dee and Michael. Her friends. â€Å"I knew you wouldn’t like this-† she began, but Zach interrupted her. He was on his feet again, gray eyes flashing in a way Jenny had never seen, face more intense than ever. â€Å"How could you?† he burst out. He seemed as angry on Tom’s behalf as if he himself were being betrayed. â€Å"How could you?† â€Å"Leave her alone,† Michael said shortly. Jenny could see his opinion in his dark spaniel eyes-Mike thought she was making the best of a very bad situation. He didn’t blame her for it. â€Å"What do you want her to do?† he said, and Zach shook his head in contempt. â€Å"Not go willingly,† he said. â€Å"Not give in-to that.† Tom was watching it all with blank eyes. Jenny could barely make herself look at him, but she did. â€Å"I’m sorry, Tommy,† she said. She saw his face twist slightly, and for a terrible moment she thought he was going to cry. Then he shrugged. â€Å"I suppose it had to happen. That’s the name of the Game, isn’t it?† he said, looking at Julian. Julian gave him an odd smile, and Jenny realized they were talking about something she didn’t understand. â€Å"I keep my promises, too,† he said. â€Å"All of them.† Jenny touched his sleeve. His face changed as he turned toward her, as if he were forgetting everyone else in the room. â€Å"The ceremony’s done,† he said. â€Å"We’re promised.† â€Å"I know.† Jenny let out a deep breath. The ring made a little weight on her finger, but she felt very light, very free. She spoke calmly and casually, as if she were organizing a picnic or a redecorating project. Something that had to be done fast, but right. â€Å"Let the others go now, Julian. I wish you’d let Tom go, too-but if not, can’t you please make him more comfortable? I think in a few days you’ll realize you don’t need a hostage to keep me behaving.† He was searching her face, as if stricken by doubt for the first time. â€Å"Jenny-you really want to stay here? It’s going to be strange for you?C?C† â€Å"That is the understatement of the century.† She looked up at him and spoke freely. â€Å"I only hope to God we can get a different view out the parlor window. But, yes, I want to stay. I never realized how much more there was to life than what I was getting. Now that I’ve seen it, I can’t go back. I’m not the same person I was before.† He smiled. â€Å"No. In less than twelve hours you’ve changed. You’ve become †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Jenny raised her eyebrows. â€Å"What?† â€Å"I’ll tell you later. I’ll enjoy telling you, taking a long time to do it.† He turned. â€Å"You can all go.† Jenny heard Tom’s chains rattle and clank to the floor. Out of the corner of her eye, she saw him hold his hands up, free. You read "The Forbidden Game: The Hunter Chapter 15" in category "Essay examples" â€Å"Out!† Julian said with a snap of his fingers. For an instant Jenny thought he meant it for Dee and the others, but then the phantom wolf, which had been bristling, lowered its head and slunk off. Straight through the wall, apparently. The luminous snake slithered and poured itself through the floor. Some compartment in Jenny’s mind noticed with awe how long that took, how much length there was to pour. The door home stood open, unguarded. From this angle Jenny could see the rune Uruz on it, the inverted U flaring fire-red with power. Through the door-and through the small window-she could see midnight blue. She glanced at the clock, which was still ticking away. 5:50 a.m. Dawn was coming fast. â€Å"Go on,† Julian said, as if eager to be rid of them. â€Å"Not without Jenny,† Dee said. Michael, Jenny thought, was surprised. He looked at Dee, opened his mouth. Zach’s mouth was curled angrily. Audrey was shaking her head in doubt. Tom just stood. Jenny looked away. Julian’s voice was impatient. â€Å"Well, go, stay, do whatever you want,† he said. â€Å"I’ll leave you to argue it out. But, remember, that door closes at dawn. Six-eleven sharp. If you’re still inside, you’re here for good-and I might not be in the mood for company.† He turned to Jenny. â€Å"This place is crowded.† â€Å"I know. There’s a couch downstairs. We can sit on it and get acquainted.† They went. The sofa in Jenny’s grandfather’s basement was shabby and lumpy but wide and very soft. It sank under their weight. Jenny found it odd to be sitting beside Julian like this, with no animosity, no need to pull away. No battles to fight. It was a very private place. She knew the others wouldn’t open the stairway door and come down, or even look in before they left the Shadow House. Julian’s warning about not wanting company was sufficient. They all knew what he could do. She looked up at him, to find him looking at her. So close. His eyes the color of a May morning. Very deep, but very gentle. She could feel his hunger. And could feel herself trembling slightly. Her nerves jangling with excitement-and fear. But he didn’t even touch her, at first. He just looked at her, with an expression she’d never seen on his face before. A look of wonder. The tenderness she’d seen when he was impersonating Zach. â€Å"Are you frightened?† he said. â€Å"A little.† She was trying not to show it. She said lightly, â€Å"So you’re the youngest Shadow Man.† â€Å"And the nicest.† â€Å"I believe that,† Jenny said earnestly. He did touch her, then, fingers light on her hair. Jenny felt the little inner stillness, the change in perception that comes before response. She shut her eyes and told herself not to think, not to feel anything but the featherlike touch. The lighter it was, the more it moved her. She was surprised when it stopped. She opened her eyes-and was even more surprised at the anger in his face. For an instant Jenny was really frightened, and the reality of what she was doing came home to her. Then she saw that Julian wasn’t angry at her but-for her. â€Å"You’re so-innocent,† he said. â€Å"That boyfriend of yours, that-Tommy, that spoiled, swaggering-he never thought about you, did he? Only about himself. And he botched it. I’d like to kill him.† This wasn’t at all what Jenny wanted to think about. She started to say so, but Julian was going on, his eyes full of wild blue light. â€Å"You want to watch out for that cousin of yours, too. He really does think about you, you know. I took that impression from life.† Knowing it was completely inappropriate, Jenny burst into slightly hysterical, but genuine laughter. â€Å"†¦ you’re jealous,† she said, when she could get her breath. â€Å"Of Zach. Zach doesn’t like people, only lenses and things.† The dark look disappeared from his face. â€Å"It doesn’t matter,† he said. â€Å"He won’t be able to get at you here. No one will, ever. I’ll keep you safe. †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Jenny reached for him and lightly pressed her lips to his. He forgot about talking, then, and kissed back-such a soft kiss, his warm lips barely brushing hers. But the soft kisses developed into slow shivery kisses and then into white-hot ones. She was still afraid of him, even as she clung to him-was it true that fear had to be a part of passion? Everywhere he touched she felt fire and ice. Upstairs, the clock struck six. Jenny pulled away from Julian, reluctantly. â€Å"I have to breathe,† she whispered. She shook herself a little, then stood up. â€Å"Things are happening so fast.† He smiled as she walked around, getting her breath back, feeling her flushed cheeks cool. She couldn’t look at him right now; she needed to regain her composure. Scarcely seeing it, she fingered the cobalt bracelet on the shelf. â€Å"Why did you let me through my nightmare?† she said abruptly. â€Å"Sentimental reasons?† â€Å"Not at all.† He laughed. â€Å"I did play the Game fairly. I don’t lie, even if I sometimes-withhold information. Your nightmare was remembering what happened that day. You couldn’t see it, but the door appeared as soon as you remembered opening the closet.† â€Å"Oh,† Jenny said softly. â€Å"The closet.† Then she added, â€Å"What did he want from you? My grandfather?† â€Å"What everybody else wants. Power, knowledge-the easy way. A free ride.† â€Å"And runes really work,† Jenny said, shaking her head slightly in wonder. â€Å"A lot of things work. A lot of things don’t. People can’t tell which are which until they try them-and then they’re usually surprised.† Jenny went over to the closet, looked inside. He followed, standing beside her. â€Å"I’m sorry,† Jenny said quietly, without looking at him. â€Å"I’m sorry he did it. He wasn’t a bad man.† Then she turned. â€Å"I can hardly believe he kept you here.† â€Å"Believe it,† Julian said grimly. Jenny shook her head. â€Å"I’ll always love him. But he was wrong to do what he did.† She stepped into the closet. â€Å"Not as small as it looks.† â€Å"Small enough.† He stepped in, too, looked around. â€Å"This place brings up bad memories.† â€Å"See if we can’t make a better one.† She smiled up at him, backed up against one wall. He turned and smiled down at her. In the confined space they were very close. Jenny stood shyly, one leg crossed behind the other. He bent his head again, his mouth warm and demanding. Jenny gave herself up to it, and the kiss opened like a slow-blooming flower. Became so breathless and urgent that Jenny couldn’t break it, even though she knew she had to. She kept thinking, Just one more minute, just one more minute †¦ It was Julian who pulled back. â€Å"It’s rather uncomfortable in here.† â€Å"Do you think so?† She smiled up at him, breath slowing. â€Å"Definitely.† â€Å"Well, then, I suppose we could-â€Å" Now, she thought. In the middle of her sentence she moved. She had been standing in the cross stance, a kung fu stance Dee had taught her. Good for instant lateral movement. Now, in a split second, she used the power of her left leg to throw her to the right, vaulting out of the closet. In the same motion she slammed shut the door. â€Å"Nauthiz!† she shouted. She slashed the X in the air. As she shouted it, the rune flashed brightly on the closet door. Not red like fire, but blue-white like ice. She didn’t know if she was doing it right, but it was what her grandfather had done-or tried to do. Shut the door, trace the rune, say the name. She pronounced it as her grandfather had pronounced it. And Julian did not come leaping out after her. The closet door stayed closed. The silence was deafening. Jenny turned and ran for the staircase. He lied, Jenny thought, racing up the steps. He changed the rules and he lied. Sometimes you can’t return good for evil; sometimes evil simply has to be stopped. She knew all this, of course; it had been in her mind from the very beginning, from the moment when she’d offered to stay with Julian. She didn’t need to explain it to herself. She was saying it to the whispering, plaintive voices in her own head that were begging her to go back. Dawn tinted the turret window pink as she burst into the room. The door was a rectangle of pure palest rose with some lacy white clouds thrown in. The view was only slightly obscured by the five people standing around it. Five. All of them. Dee, she’d expected-she knew Dee. Tom, she’d been worried about; she’d wanted him to understand, but she’d wanted him to leave even more. She’d hoped that Zach would be mad enough to go, and that Audrey would be sensible enough. Michael, she’d assumed, would be out like a shot. â€Å"Go!† she shouted as she ran to them. She couldn’t help glancing at the grandfather clock, which showed a scrolled minute hand leaning far too far past the ten. â€Å"Go!† Tom’s face had lighted with-well, with an expression that sent Jenny soaring the last five feet. â€Å"Go on!† he said to the others, reaching for Jenny. It wasn’t as easy a proposition as it sounded. There was nothing outside this door. No Ice Age, no living room. Nothing but dawn. Stepping out into that took guts. â€Å"Oh, what the hell,† said Michael, and, holding hands with Audrey, he took the step. Dee flashed a barbaric grin over her shoulder and jumped out like a skydiver. Zach was the one who balked. Jenny couldn’t believe it. â€Å"Where is he?† Zach demanded. â€Å"In the closet. Go, go!† Zach’s face was still dark. â€Å"I thought you meant it-â€Å" Tom gave him a good straight-arm shove, running-back style. Zach fell out sprawling, spinning, arms and legs extended. It didn’t look like fun. They were trusting to fate. No-to Julian, a much more dangerous proposition. Trusting that when he’d said Jenny’s friends could leave, he had meant alive. And trusting to Grandpa Evenson, Jenny thought, that the rune of containment would contain. Tom reached to take her hand in both of his. The sky was a blaze of rose and gold. They looked at each other and stepped out that way, together. They were falling as the sun appeared. In that instant the entire sky around them turned a color Jenny had seen only once before. An unbelievable luminous blue, the color of Julian’s eyes. No matter how often you faint, you never really get used to it. Jenny came to herself slowly. She was lying down, she knew that first. Lying on something cool and very hard. Mexican paver tiles. She sat up much too fast and almost fainted again. The first thing she saw was the Game. It was sitting in the middle of her mother’s solid ponderosa pine coffee table. The white box lid was on the floor beside the table. The rune Uruz was dull as rust. The Victorian paper house itself was tall and perfect, its printed colors richly glowing in the rosy eastern light. The only difference Jenny could see was that the slips of paper they’d drawn their nightmares on were gone-as were the paper dolls they’d drawn of themselves. It all looked so innocent, so wholesome, with the Tupperware tub of Joey’s crayons sitting beside it. â€Å"Maybe it was all a dream,† Michael said hoarsely. He was on the other side of the table, with Audrey, who was just straightening up. Her glossy auburn hair was windblown into a lion’s mane. It made her look quite different, quite-free. â€Å"It wasn’t a dream,† Dee said with uncharacteristic quietness, uncoiling her long legs and standing. â€Å"Summer’s gone.† Zach picked himself up and sat on a leather footstool. He said nothing, but rubbed his forehead as if his head hurt. Jenny looked at Tom. He was sitting up very slowly, using the table as help. Jenny put a hand under his arm, and he looked a â€Å"thank you† at her. He’d changed. Maybe even more than Audrey. He looked battered and sore, and he’d lost his air of always being in control. There was a new expression in his eyes, a sadness that was almost grateful at the same time. Jenny didn’t know the word for it. Maybe something like humility. â€Å"Tommy,† she said, worried. The rakish smile was crooked. Battered as his devilish good looks. â€Å"I thought maybe you were really staying with him. To save me-and because you wanted to. And the thing was, I wouldn’t have blamed you. I sort of realized that when he gave you the ring.† Jenny, who had been about to protest, looked at her hand. Any lingering doubts about last night being real were shattered. It was there, shining on her finger. â€Å"I thought definitely you really were staying with him,† Audrey said. â€Å"You had me convinced you honestly wanted to-and it was all a trick?† â€Å"It was the truth. I was doing it of my own free will, and I did want to stay-long enough to make sure Tom and you guys got out.† â€Å"I knew,† Dee said. â€Å"It’s those brains of yours again,† Jenny said, looking straight at her. â€Å"And I always thought you were such a sweet little thing,† Michael was musing. â€Å"So simple, so honest†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"I am-when people treat me fairly. When they don’t kill my friends. When they don’t break their word. I figured he made up the rules of that game, and trickery was a legal move. So I did it.† Audrey persisted. â€Å"And you really never felt anything for him? That was all an act?† â€Å"Just call me Sarah Bernhardt,† Jenny said. She hoped that Audrey wouldn’t notice she hadn’t answered the question. â€Å"Who cares?† Michael said. â€Å"We’re home. We did it.† He looked around at the sunlight flooding in through the sliding glass door, at the ordinary Thornton backyard outside, at the pastel walls of the living room. â€Å"I love each and every one of these baskets,† he said. â€Å"I could kiss the tiles we sit on. I could kiss you, Audrey.† â€Å"Oh, if you have to,† Audrey said, not bothering to fuss with her hair. She leaned forward and so did Michael. Dee, though, was still looking at Jenny, her night-dark eyes serious. â€Å"What about the betrothal?† she said. â€Å"The ring? You’re supposed to be promised to him now.† â€Å"What about it?† Jenny said quietly. â€Å"I’m going to throw the ring away. With the rest of this garbage.† In a single motion that brought Zach’s head up, she crushed the paper house, smashing it flat and flatter. She put it in the white box, like filling an overstuffed suitcase, pushing it in where it wouldn’t fit. She scooped up the game cards and jammed them in, too. Then she took the ring off. It came quite easily, not sticking to her finger or anything. She didn’t look at the inscription. She dropped the ring on top of it all. Then she put in the paper dolls of the Creeper and the Lurker. As she picked up the third doll she paused. It was the boy with the shocking blue eyes. They seemed to be looking up at her, but she knew they weren’t. It was just a tagboard cutout, and the original was locked away under a rune of constraint that would hold, she hoped, forever. She hadn’t let go of the Shadow Man doll yet. It was your Game. You hunted us. You told me to become a hunter. You just never expected to be trapped yourself. What would this world be like without a Julian in it? Safer, certainly. Calmer. But poorer, too, in a way. She’d beaten the Shadow Man, but it was strangely hard to consign him to oblivion. Jenny felt a pang of something oddly like regret, of something lost forever. She put the doll in the box and crammed the lid on. There was a roll of masking tape in with Joey’s crayons. Jenny wound tape round and round the bulging white box, sealing it shut. The others all watched in silence. When she finally ran out of tape she put the box on the table and sat back on her heels. A smile began somewhere in the group and traveled from one person to another. Not a partying kind of smile, just one of quiet relief and joy. They had made it. They’d won. They were alive-most of them. â€Å"What are we going to say about Summer?† Tom asked. â€Å"We’re going to tell the truth,† Jenny said. Audrey’s eyebrows arched. â€Å"No one will ever believe us!† â€Å"I know,† Jenny said. â€Å"We’re going to tell them anyway.† â€Å"It’ll be all right,† said Dee. â€Å"After all we’ve been through, we can deal with it. As long as we’re all together.† â€Å"We are,† Jenny said, and Tom nodded. In the old days-last night-it would have been the other way around. Audrey and Michael, who couldn’t seem to separate from each other, both nodded, too. So did Zach, who was for once paying attention to the rest of them, instead of being off in his own little world. I think it actually helped him, Jenny thought suddenly, to know that his grandfather was only calling up demons and not insane after all. â€Å"We can call the police from the kitchen,† she said aloud. How to cite The Forbidden Game: The Hunter Chapter 15, Essay examples

Vying for the Title free essay sample

For me, middle school was a time of confusion and self-doubt. I was a shy girl who was always unsure of myself. One day, I received a letter in the mail that said I was nominated to be a contestant in a pageant. At first, I thought it was a joke. I could not wrap my mind around the fact that someone out there could think I was talented. My parents thought the pageant would raise my confidence and self-esteem, and they convinced me to compete. I will never forget my first pageant. Initially, I was terrified but I soon loved the feeling of speaking to a large group of people. My confidence level increased as I absorbed the excitement of being on stage. After a long weekend, I felt proud of myself. I stepped out of my comfort zone and learned about my strengths and areas of improvement. A pageant contestant must be ambitious, intelligent, generous, and versatile. We will write a custom essay sample on Vying for the Title or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Pageants call for a set of talents that are related to the work force such as public speaking and the ability to answer questions intuitively in an interview. Title holders do not follow the pageant stereotype of just beauty, no brains; they are leaders who are passionate about changing the world. I now have something incredibly powerful in my hands, a dream. It is my desire to go the distance and represent my state one day as Miss Illinois America. This dream is different than others I have had. This dream taught me about public speaking, how to be poised and confident, and the importance of dedication. Most importantly, this dream taught me that I am beautiful, not only outwardly but inwardly. The insecure, shy middle school girl is gone, and the driven, gregarious young woman has arrived.

The Complete The Child Is Father of the Man Wordsworth Quote

The Complete The Child Is Father of the Man Wordsworth Quote William Wordsworth used the expression, The child is the father of the man in his famous 1802 poem, My Heart Leaps Up, also known as The Rainbow. This quote has made its  way into popular culture. What does it mean? My Heart Leaps Up My heart leaps up when I beholdA rainbow in the sky:So was it when my life began;So is it now I am a man;So be it when I shall grow old,Or let me die!The Child is father of the Man;And I could wish my days to beBound each to each by natural piety. What Does the Poem Mean? Wordsworth uses the expression in a very positive sense, noting that seeing a rainbow produced awe and joy when he was a child, and he still felt those emotions as a grown man.  He hopes that these emotions will continue throughout his life, that he will retain that pure joy of youth. He also laments that he would rather die than lose that leap of the heart and youthful enthusiasm.   Also, note that Wordsworth was a lover of geometry, and the use of piety in the last line is a play on the number pi. In the story of Noah in the Bible, the rainbow was given by God as a sign of Gods promise that He would not again destroy the entire earth in a flood. It is the mark of a continuing covenant. That is signaled in the poem by the word bound. Modern Use of The Child Is Father of the Man While Wordsworth used the phrase to express hope that he would retain the joys of youth, we often see this expression used to imply the establishment of both positive and negative traits in youth.  In watching children at play, we notice that they demonstrate certain characteristics which may remain with them into adulthood. One interpretation- the nurture viewpoint- is that it is necessary to instill in children healthy attitudes and positive traits  so they grow up to become balanced individuals.  However, the nature viewpoint notes that children may be born with certain traits, as can be seen in studies of identical twins who were separated at birth. Different traits, attitudes, and experiences are influenced in different ways by both nature and nurture. Certainly, traumatic life experiences in youth inevitably occur which also influence us throughout life. Lessons learned both in positive and negative ways guide us all into adulthood, for better or worse. Other Appearances of the Quote The quote is paraphrased by Cormac McCarthy on the first page of the book Blood Meridian as the child the father of the  man. It also appears in the title of a song by the Beach Boys and an album by Blood, Sweat, and Tears.

Production and Sale of Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal

Production and Sale of Cigarettes Should Be Made Illegal Criminalize Cigarette Smoking Now! It used to be that everyone smoked. Seriously, 50 years ago, Americans (and those in many other countries around the world) smoked cigarettes like the world was ending. It was what people did; instead of killing time by playing on their iPhones, people used to light up. Rarely, then, would you see a group of people at a table without a cloud of smoke hovering over the table. Well, things have changed quite a bit in the last half-century; the use of cigarettes is less ubiquitous. Things have changed for the better, the healthier, that’s for sure. Today, one could argue that the production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal, and with good reason. One reason to criminalize the production, sale and consumption of cigarettes is due to the fact that smoking tobacco has no medical value whatsoever. Research and science says its use is a major cause of cancer and other problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, emphysema, chronic bronchitis and others. Some people, on the contrary, smoke their entire lives without so much as a bad cough – but they are in the minority. Moderate alcohol consumption, rather, has been shown to thin blood, lower the heart rate and relax people. Tobacco does the complete opposite. The consumption and production and sale of tobacco should be made illegal because it’s quite unhealthy – more than that, it’s kills millions of people around the world each year. Secondly, tobacco is very addictive. Its main chemical is nicotine, a toxic colorless or yellowish, oily liquid, the chief active constituent of tobacco. It acts as a stimulant in small doses, but in larger amounts, it blocks the action of autonomic nerve and skeletal muscle cells. It’s so addictive that seasoned smokers can’t often go but just a few hours without a smoke and withdrawal symptoms are quite intense, though not as harsh as alcohol and opiates. If something is so addictive that people can’t go long without it and so addictive that people struggle for a lifetime trying to quit, then something so detrimental to one’s health should be made illegal, and not just illegal in a small sense: Repercussion for its use, possession, production and sale should result in dire penalties like extreme fines, jail time and criminal proceedings. Lastly, cigarette smokers often begin smoking in their adolescent years, when they’re caving in to peer pressure and a desire for popularity. They see the â€Å"cool kids† doing it, actors in films and TV shows smoking cigarettes – and they see people in everyday life doing it, too, mostly at public places, like benches, parks, outside of restaurants – all over their community. And so they think it is okay, like having a few drinks like adults do. But moderate alcohol consumption in adults has not been proven to affect one’s health negatively. Nonetheless, teens are impressionable and can’t make the best decisions on their own; that’s why they can’t vote or own a gun. They would be just too immature to consider their future and its negative consequences. Teens just don’t think about these things. Well, if the production and sale of cigarettes were to be made illegal, fewer teens would be seeking cigarettes, and less peopl e would begin smoking this addictive, unhealthy substance in the first place. They would not see it, so they would not want it. It’s something we don’t need, and this notion pertains especially to adolescents, who aren’t ready to think about their long-term health, their futures as grandparents, fathers and spouses. To conclude this argument, that the production and sale (and maybe even its possession and usage) of cigarettes be made illegal, it’s important to consider the facts: Tobacco is very unhealthy – it kills people; nicotine is heavily addictive, and young people want to do it. So, of course, fewer people are smoking today. But we’re forgetting one very important fact about smoking: how disgusting it is. Have you ever smoked? It’s pretty gross. The smoke smells like last night’s dinner burning to a black crisp on the kitchen stove, mixed with a long-decomposing corpse. On top of that, it turns your teeth, tongue and smoking fingertips the nasty, yellowish color of the nicotine. Even worse – a smoker’s clothes and hair always have the foul odor of stale cigarettes. These are just a few more reasons explaining why the production and sale of cigarettes should be made illegal in America.

UNIX Operating System History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

UNIX Operating System History - Essay Example Moreover, the sixth edition in 1975 was not associated with AT&T and became popular in the academic world because it was bundled with rich features, powerful, free of cost and compatible with common platforms and most importantly possess a complete source code (Fox 1807-1814). Likewise, in the year 1979, Ken was working with his colleague Bill joy and Ozalp Babaoglu at the University of California, Berkeley to improve UNIX that resulted in a new version known as Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) UNIX (Fox 1807-1814). Moreover, after consolidating all internal research and development versions of UNIX systems to release its own version, AT&T releases its commercial version of UNIX named as UNIX System III. It is possible for an operating system to be matured as well as state of the art simultaneously? If it is UNIX, then the answer would be â€Å"Yes.† UNIX has contributed in the Information technology sector for the last 25 years. Millions of installations conducted on vari ous platforms and UNIX has proved to be organized and scalable. Operating systems are compared by their functionality and performance. UNIX has contributed immensely in recent years. ... By the UNIX fast XML proxy support, web services are developed in no time on a distributed system as compared to the previous server architecture. IBM 32 way UNIX servers were also launched in year 2001 with the code name â€Å"Regatta†. The microprocessor architecture comprises of 1 GHz 64 Bit Power 4. This UNIX server is capable of self-healing technology and to decrease system failures. The system is capable to divide into 16 virtual servers which enable the businesses to integrate several machines in to one (Popovich 11). The Client-server model of UNIX was the core components for the growth of Internet and reshaping of the distributed systems networks. Inter process communication in the UNIX operating system involves the connection between the system components logically and physically. It supports real time network applications which allow the user to exchange messages in an interactive session. UNIX is known as a command line interface due to nonexistence of a GUI envir onment Today UNIX is equipped with a GUI along with dynamic communication functionalities. Some of the registered UNIX products are HP-UX, IBM AIX, SCO UnixWare, SGI IRIX, Sun Solaris etc. UNIX Directory Structure UNIX Directory Structure Figure 1.1 UNIX Shells A shell can be defined as an entity that processes user input on the behalf of computer. The bourne shell was the first shell that was programmed by Stephen Bourne deputed at Bell Laboratories (Verma, n.d). Likewise, Bourse shell was an integrated function of the UNIX operating system. Moreover, Kourne shell that was subset of Bourne shell was coded by IBM. However, Kourne shell is not supported by all

Paisley Patterns Recommendation Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Paisley Patterns Recommendation Report - Essay Example hnology to traditional business and administrative activities has introduced substantial return and facilities that have given the business a new life. E-commerce gives buyers and sellers a modern and up-to-date environment or methods of communication and offers an opportunity to generate new marketplaces. In common it is recommended that the development of E-commerce outcomes in higher firm efficiency and competence as a consequence of lower search and transaction expenses† (Kotler, 1997). â€Å"The internet is swiftly becoming the technology of preference for electronic commerce for the reason that, it presents or allows businesses an even trouble-free method to connect with other businesses and individuals at a very small expenditure† (Martin Verwijmeren, 1996). At the present time, Web sites are accessible to consumers 24 hours a day. Modern and up-to-date marketing and sales methods can be fashioned. Managing transactions electronically can diminish the costs of tra nsaction as well as release time for some goods, particularly those that are entirely digital (for instance software, text products, images, and videos etc.) (Laudon & Laudon 1999, p.306) Paisley Patterns business is presently operating with the wholesale cotton fabrics, primarily through a travelling sales force. By viewing the potential business enhancements and for getting the maximum market share Paisley Patterns business has decided to implement a web based system for the handling of online business and extending the scope of business. This analytical and research based report is about the detailed analysis of the Paisley Patterns business web based system implementation. This report will provide a deep insight into the overall new technology system implementation and potential enhancements in business working. In this report, I will analyze the main working areas and division those will require some type of transformations. This analysis based report will also present a deep a nd

Critical Thinking Paper Abortion Philosophy Essay

Critical Thinking Paper Abortion Philosophy Essay It is undeniable that abortion is one of the most controversial topics. As is always the case, there are two sides to such a provocative topic. One is for free will and the ability to choose to have an abortion; the other is pro life and against abortion. However, very few advocates for either side truly know what is involved in the abortion process, but still do their best to oversimplify the issue at hand anyway. What exactly is abortion, then? By dictionary definition, abortion is the termination of a pregnancy. However, todays society would define it as getting rid of a mistake. An analysis of abortion reveals that there is more than meets the eye and only those who fully understand the process and consequences make decisions concerning abortion. The history of abortion is an extensive one. Although one of the most famous tide-turning legal cases for abortion was in 1973, abortion can be traced back even further than the 19th century. In fact, in Ancient Greece in 400 B.C., the Oath of Hippocrates stated that I swear by Apollo the physician, and Aesculapius, and Health, and All-heal, and all the gods and goddesses, that, according to my ability and judgment, I will keep this Oath. . . I will follow that system of regimen which, according to my ability and judgment, I consider for the benefit of my patients, and abstain from whatever is deleterious and mischievous. I will give no deadly medicine to any one if asked, nor suggest any such counsel; and in like manner I will not give to a woman a pessary to produce abortion (Facts About Abortion: Ancient Abortion History). Basically, any who swore by this oath realized the belief that abortion was harmful and would endeavor to aid the abortion process in any way. Around the same t ime period, Socrates also mentioned abortion in his books. His view, however, was opposite of Hippocrates. Socrates believed that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a man may not marry his daughter or his daughters daughter, or his mother or his mothers mother; and women, on the other hand, are prohibited from marrying their sons or fathers, or sons son or fathers father, and so on in either direction. And we grant all this, accompanying the permission with strict orders to prevent any embryo which may come into being from seeing the light; and if any force a way to the birth, the parents must understand that the offspring of such an union cannot be maintained, and arrange accordingly (Facts About Abortion: Ancient Abortion History). In much simpler terms, Socrates stated that abortion is justified in cases where a child is conceived in an incestuous union. The United States was also part of the broad history concerning abortion. In 1859, the American Medical Association condemned abortion except when preserving the life of the mother and in 1875, every state in America adopted laws that banned abortion (The History of Abortion in the United States). There were also many legal cases in which abortion was the main concern. As previously mentioned, Roe v. Wade was one of the most famous cases. Alex McBride stated on PBS, Controversial from the moment it was released, Roe v. Wade politically divided the nation more than any other recent case and continues to inspire heated debates, politics, and even violence today (the culture wars) (McBride). This case was particularly dividing because it was so controversial, and made people choose sides. There was the side that promoted free will and to have abortion as an option. On the other hand, there was the side that believed that all life is precious and that abortion is morally wrong. In the en d, the Court ruled that women have a right to privacy, which includes the right to have an abortion (McBride). Many people choose sides concerning abortion without having sufficient information to do so, such as knowing what the abortion process truly entails. Some choose to be against abortion without fully considering that there are certain circumstances that would require abortion, such as when the mother is in a life or death situation. Others choose abortions without realizing that it goes against many religions and beliefs. What most of them do not know is what is involved in the abortion process. Many might think that it would be similar to having a Caesarian section, perhaps removing the fetus through surgery. This, however, is not the case. As mentioned, the abortion process is more complex than one would think. There is more than one way to carry out an abortion; the type of process chosen is usually determined by how far into the pregnancy a woman is. The patient can choose between two options for abortion: through medication, or surgery (Types of Abortion Procedures). Although the first trimester is twelve weeks long, women can only choose to have an abortion through medication within the first nine weeks (Pregnancy Week by Week; Types of Abortion Procedures). This is most likely due to ethical reason, for example, because the fetus has developed and is considered a human being, therefore making abortion through pills unethical. There are various types of surgical abortion procedures. For example, Vacuum Aspiration, also known as Suction Aspiration, is through the use of a strong vacuum; Dilation and Evacuation is through the use forceps (First Trimester Abortion Procedures; Abortion Methods). During the process of V acuum Aspiration, a tube attached to a vacuum type pump is inserted into the vagina; the fetus and placenta is torn apart as it is suctioned out along with the amniotic fluids (Abortion Methods). Dilation and Evacuation is vastly different, however. The previous method seems more clinical and less horrifying than this method. In Dilation and Evacuation, forceps are used to grasp at random fetus parts, which are then pulled out one by one until only the head is left (Abortion Methods). As the fetuss head is too large to removed in tact, it is crushed first (Abortion Methods). Although these are only two of many procedures, each is more inhumane than the previous. Despite the fact that death only occurs in 0.0006% of abortion cases, there are risks and complications involved. No abortion procedure is entirely one hundred percent safe or risk-free. These are the dangers of legal abortion procedures: allergic reactions, blood clots, infections, failed or incomplete abortion, heavy bleeding, injury, and etc (In-Clinic Abortion Procedures). If abortion was made illegal, women would have to resort to even more dangerous methods, such as illegal ones. Not all of the dangers are physical, however. There are issues of post-abortion syndrome, such as feeling deep regret and depression over choosing to terminate the life of ones child (The Case Against Abortion: Post-Abortion Syndrome). When it comes to an extremely controversial topic like this one, there are usually many biases. This can involve religion, ethics, income, age, and society. All of these can influence decisions concerning abortion. Religion plays a major role, as it is what people turn to for guidance in turbulent times. If their religion is against abortion, it is most likely that followers will be the same. Ethics is also a guide; abortion might be unethical to some because fetuses are considered human beings and all life is sacred. The matter of income is also important. Those who are impoverished would support to keep abortion legal because they can barely afford to keep themselves alive, let alone another human being. In fact, forty-two percent of women who have abortions have incomes below 100% of the federal poverty level (Facts on Induced Abortion in the United States). Those who are wealthy might agree with abortion because a laid back life full of partying would probably be more appealing w ithout having to raise a child. On the other hand, they might not agree because they have enough means for financial support. The elderly or people raised with traditional morals most likely would not even entertain the thought of abortion because they believe in taking responsibility instead of the easier way out. However, younger people, especially in todays society, would be more likely to embrace abortion because irresponsibility is much easier. These factors contribute to biases. For example, those who are against abortion create extremely graphic collages using a collection of real pictures or digitally created ones that show the entire abortion process. These images invoke heavy emotions that discourage abortions. Anti-abortion supporters even go as far as inventing lies that suggest abortion leads to cancer (Dudley, and Kruse). In contrast, supporters of abortion might downplay, oversimplify, and even hide the danger at hand. For instance, Planned Parenthoods website include s both information on the safety and risks of abortion procedures; however, the information on risks is in smaller text so it is not as noticeable (In-Clinic Abortion Procedures). Another example is in the form of a young womans experience. Lindsay, whose last name was not posted, stated that abortion clinics made her leave through the back door because they dont want anyone coming in to know what someone looks like going out (Finding Help: You Care About Me, Right?). There are many reasons why women choose to have or not to abortions. For example, a reason might be similar to Socrates case: a woman might have been in a nonconsensual incestuous relationship that has ended in child conceived. It might go against this womans religion or ethics to give birth to the child. Abortion might also be necessary when the life of the mother is endangered. That is not to say these all of these reasons are completely justified. Even though the fetus has not fully formed, it is still a human being and a product of ones flesh and blood. Termination could be considered child abuse. Nothing truly gives one, even a parent, the right to play God and decide whether or not to terminate a life. There are alternatives, such as giving the child up for adoption after birth. Even in todays society, the topic of abortion is an extremely contentious one. People are very divided on this topic although each side may not fully comprehend everything about abortion. This shows that many are eager to jump on the bandwagon of whichever side makes the best case. In order to make educated judgments on abortion, people must entirely comprehend the process of abortion and the results. Personally, I am against abortion because I believe in taking responsibility for our actions, and that even unborn children are humans and should deserve a chance at life.

Leadership Traits, Behaviors and Styles Essay

Leadership is one of the most useful skills one can obtain. It used to be thought that leadership cannot be taught, that one is just born with the appropriate skills to lead. Leaders can come in a wide range of different personalities and styles. There have been countless great leaders since the beginning of time, but what makes a great leader? Many theories have been formed about how leaders have been either made or born. This paper will describe all the leadership styles and traits of Sergio Marchionne. The most significant leadership styles that Sergio Marchionne has are participative (democratic) and delegate (Laissez-Faire or free reign). He could be autocratic when necessary and bureaucratic could be said as totally out of him. He always wants his employees to participate themselves in the decision making process. When they cannot come out with a solid decision, only then he will bring out the decision. He always there to guide them on how to do it, asking them to have the cour age to be independent (still, in the specified scope), with hope that his staffs themselves could be a leader. Doing the same action will brings us the same results. Sometimes, in order to make a change, the autocracy is needed. From the article, it is very clear that Sergio is a leader who always believes in himself, dare to make the bold and unpopular decisions, willing to work differently in a way that less practiced, and know how to influence people to work for the objective outlined though it sounds impossible. Whenever necessary, he does not hesitant nicely let go of those people who cannot be on the specified track (due to the old stigma that ingrained in them), to ensure that the others will not be affected with their resistance toward changes. Not only willing to spend his time for discussions with staffs and consider their opinions in making a decision, Sergio also entrusted them to carry out the actions as well. He delegates the necessary authority and accountability to the staffs, and of course any failure will come with some consequences. However, in the same time, he still could be tolerating because he believe we can always offset a failure here with a success there. Bureaucratic leader always lead by â€Å"following the books† and should the matter raised is not in the book, he will refer to the higher management. However, this trait is totally out from Sergio when he boldly abandoned the Great Man model of  leadership that long characterized the Fiat and came up with new model where everyone is expected to lead. Sergio Marchionne is the CEO and quite possibly the savior of Chrysler. After taking a bailout from the government, the company was still going downhill. Then Sergio got the job. Known for his dedication to the cause and his â€Å"no bullshit† (Taggart)attitude, Sergio took a more aggressive approach to turning things around. Marchionne immediately fired managers that weren’t doing their jobs properly and hurting the company. He then aligned his employees to start a new business plan (Taggart). Sergio’s new approach paid off too. Chrysler saw a â€Å"23% increase† (Taggart) in sales as well as total 2011 sales to hit â€Å"$55 billion† (Taggart). This is all a huge improvement from 2009 when Chrysler was losing â€Å"$1 billion† (Taggart) a month. This is a great example of when an aggressive leadership style must be used. The company was severely underachieving. Once Sergio stepped in he got rid of the people accountable for the poor numbers and changed the working culture. By doing this, his workers know that if they don’t do their job they won’t be kept around. Sometimes it is necessary to do this for the good of the company. Workers can appreciate this style because if they are good workers, their job is becoming more secure with the company getting stronger. The important thing to do while this style is being used is to acknowledge good work and praise the workers. If workers feel underappreciated or scared to lose their job unfairly, they may not perform at a high level. Contrary to some of the early theories, we now know anyone can become a good leader. We now know the best way to make a leader is to give them practice. If a leader can learn from experiences, good and bad, they will be more effective. The key is getting to know the people you want to respect and follow you. The leader must establish a genuine relationship with each of these people to fully gain their loyalty and respect. There are all sorts of styles on how to do that whether it is a democratic, coaching, or visionary, people will see the leader wants everyone to thrive for one  cause. When it comes to leadership, which is the ultimate goal. References: Taggart, J. CEOs of 2011 – The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: What We Can Learn from Senge’s 7 Learning Disabilities. Retrieved November 10, 2014, from Changingwinds.com Flavelle, D. (2014, Mar 08). CEO aims to steer Chrysler back on track. Toronto Star, Toronto Vijayaragavan, I. (2008). Chapter 2: Leadership theories and styles. High Performance Leadership, Global Media, Mumbai

Qantas Airways Limited Swot Analysis - 2860 Words

Background of Qantas Qantas limited airways is an Australian airline group that engages in the business of international and domestic air transportation services and the provision of freight services using two main complementary airline brands namely Jetstar and Qantas (Qantas Airways Limited SWOT Analysis, 2014). The Qantas group was established in 1920, and has since grown to become Australia s largest domestic and international airline. The group primarily operates in Australia, New Zealand and Asia and currently employs 33,265 people as of June 30, 2013(Qantas Airway Limited, 2014). In 1992, the Australian Government sold the domestic carrier Australian Airlines to Qantas, giving Qantas the competitive advantage in assessing the domestic market and gain access to key markets as well as enhances the quality of its delivery services (Qantas Fact File, 2010). However, due to the significant increase in low cost airlines, the group s market share especially in the Asian region had si nce decline. Under the Qantas Sale Act , Qantas was privatised in 1992. That act limits overall foreign ownership to no more than 49 per cent of Qantas shares. Foreign airlines can own a maximum of 35 % of Qantas; foreign investors can only own 25 % of shares. As Qantas competitors do not face restrictions in foreign ownership and operations, Qantas is being left with a competitive disadvantage to its competitors (ABC News, 2014). In 1999, Qantas joined Oneworld alliance alongsideShow MoreRelatedA Decline in Revenue at Quantas1272 Words   |  6 Pagesthis news because I think that this airplane industry is having a decline in revenue problem. So I interested to analyze this airplane company. But before I analyze this company, I want to explain a little bit about this airplane industry. 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John Stuart Mill And The Utilitarian Tradition - 1259 Words

John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) was a nineteenth century British philosopher whom tacked issues such as epistemology, economics, social and political philosophy, ethics, metaphysics, religion and current affairs. His greatest philosophical influence is in moral and political philosophy, most notably his articulation and defense of utilitarianism and liberalism. Mills most significant innovations to the utilitarian tradition concern his claims about the nature of happiness and the role of happiness in human motivation. As he understood it, happiness was interconnected with pleasure, and he believed that the ultimate aim of each person is the promotion of one’s own happiness. Mill was a utilitarian and made many innovations to the concept. Utilitarianism assesses actions and institutions in terms of their effects on human happiness, which tells us to perform actions to maximize human happiness. Utilitarianism asseses the rightness or wrongness of an action by considering only the consequences of that action. Mill argued that happiness is something we desire intrinsically, and that it is the only thing that we intrinsically desire or value. Mill contends that we do not always value things as a means or instruments to happiness. We do sometimes seem to value things for their own sake because we are actually valuing them as parts of happiness. As opposed to intrinsically desirable on their own as a means to happiness. In Mills writings on utility he responds to or â€Å"corrects†Show MoreRelatedHappiness And Happiness1736 Words   |  7 PagesHonestly, there are many different philosophies addressing this question but the Utilitarian is one, everyone aspires to acquire some point in their lives and hopefully in the end as well. Utilitarian is based off of this simple concept and context: happiness. 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John Stuart Mill holds another opinion as presented in the book, Utilitarianism thatRead MoreCriticism Of Utilitarianism By John Stuart Mill895 Words   |  4 PagesOption 2 – Criticisms of Utilitarianism John Stuart Mill was a 19th century influential philosopher and strong advocate of the moral theory, utilitarianism. Utilitarianism centers on the idea that whether actions are morally right or wrong depends on their outcomes. Significantly, â€Å"the only effects of actions that are relevant are the good and bad results that they produce† (Nathanson). But this has led to many interpretations of utilitarianism and to challenges and criticisms it has receive overRead MoreBentham And Mill ( 1806-1873 ) And John Stuart Mill Essay1302 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant utilitarian’s in history are Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). Bentham and Mill were very important individuals when it came to philosophy. Their theories has had a major impact both on philosophical work and also an impact when it comes too economically, politically, and socially. Utilitarian’s are consequentialist individuals who believe that actions are right inasmuch as th ey promote happiness. But Mill defines utilitarianism as a theory based on the principle thatRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Death Penalty833 Words   |  4 Pagespeople were executed in 25 countries in 2015, also in 2014 Amnesty International recorded 1,061 executions in 22 counties worldwide† (Amnesty International). Also, there are many different philosophical view on death penalty. One of the them is utilitarian philosopher Jermyn Bentham, where he argues that life imprisonment would work better then death penalty. Death penalty serves justice to some atrocious act, this sentence should be banned for many different reasons. One of them is cost of deathRead MoreThe History Of Utilitarianism John Stuart Mill ( 1806-1873 ) Essay1347 Words   |  6 Pagesutilitarian’s it is wrong for you to stay home and watch television all day. In the history of utilitarianism John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) was an important philosopher who in the 19th century was an important defender of personal liberty. When it comes Mills theories he has made a major impact on philosophical work and also an impact when it comes too things economically, politically, and socially. Mill defines utilitarianism as a theory that is based on the principle that actions are right in proportionRead MoreAn Act Of Law Is Just Or Unjust1312 Words   |  6 Pageslegislation has to be just, or has to reach a form of justice. These three schools of thought which address justice are deontology, utilitarianism, and virtue-based ethics. A common question has been asked, â€Å"What is justice?† According to Chapter V of John Stuart Mill’s Utilitarianism, justice supposes two things—a rule of conduct and a sentiment which sanctions the rule. The first must be supposed common to all mankind and intended for their good. The other (the sentiment) is a desire that punishment may